The correct use of indicators Biological requires a thorough understanding of those factors, but independent of exposure, can affect levels of biological indicators. The most important interference factors are as follows. (Alessio, Berlin and Foa 1987).
physiological factors such as diet, gender, and age, for example, can influence the results. Consumption of fish and shellfish can increase levels of arsenic in urine and blood mercury. The erythrocyte protoporphyrin values \u200b\u200bare significantly higher in women than in men with the same blood levels of lead. Urinary cadmium levels increase with age.
Among the personal habits that can distort the levels of the indicators are particularly important in the consumption of snuff and alcohol. Smoking may lead to the direct absorption of naturally occurring substances in the leaves of snuff (eg., Cadmium), or contaminants present in the working environment have been deposited in the cigarette (eg ., lead), or combustion products (eg., carbon monoxide).
alcohol consumption can influence the levels of biological indicators, and that alcoholic beverages are naturally occurring substances such as lead. Large drinkers, for example, show blood lead levels higher than those of control subjects. Ingestion of alcohol can interfere with the biotransformation and elimination of toxic industrial compounds, with a single dose, alcohol can inhibit the metabolism of many solvents such as trichlorethylene, xylene, styrene and toluene, and their competitiveness with essential enzymes to metabolize both ethanol as solvents. Regular alcohol intake can also affect the metabolism of solvents in a completely different way, speeding up their metabolism, possibly by induction of microsomal oxidising system. Since that ethanol is the main substance capable of producing metabolic interference, it is advisable to identify indicators of exposure to solvents only on those days when no alcohol was consumed.
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