Migrant workers are often an essential part of the workforce of a country. In some cases, professional skills development and limited capacity, especially in areas of rapid industrial growth. However, these workers usually occupy unskilled or semi-skilled jobs with low pay despised by the native population. This group includes the "work done squatting", as the cultivation and harvesting, manual tasks of construction, household services like cleaning and refuse collection, poorly paid and repetitive work, such as made in illegal workshops manufacturing or assembly lines for light industries.
Some migrant workers find work in their own country, but in recent times is mostly workers "external" because they come from other countries, usually less developed. Consequently, make an outstanding contribution to the economies of two nations: first, do necessary work in the country where they provide their services and, on the other, send cash to the families they leave behind in their country of origin.
During the nineteenth century, many Chinese workers were hired in the U.S. and Canada, for example, to work in the construction of the western sections of the transcontinental railroad. Then in the second World War, while North American workers-Americans serving in the armed forces or in war industries, States States established a formal agreement with Mexico known as the Bracero Program (1942-1964), through which the agricultural sector of vital importance, arranged for millions of temporary Mexican workers. In the postwar period, workers 'guests' of southern Europe, Turkey and North Africa helped rebuild Western European countries ravaged by war and in the 1970 and 1980, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and other producing countries Middle East oil, the brand new wealth, Asian workers recruited to build new cities. In the early 1980, about two-thirds of the workforce in the Gulf States were migrant workers (the number of native workers surpassed only foreigners in Bahrain).
Except in the case of teachers and health workers, most migrants were men. However, in most countries and the above mentioned period, as families got richer, the demand for domestic workers, mostly women, to carry out household chores and childcare ( Anderson 1993). This trend was repeated in industrialized countries, in which an increasing number of women entering the workforce and need help to perform their traditional household chores.
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